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2.  -carbonari: secret society of italian nationalists in the early 18oos.

-Giuseppe Mazzini: One of the most famous carbonari

-Young Italy Movement: Group of italian partriots dedicated to spreading ideas of nationlism.

-King Victor Emmanuel II: king of Sardinia, he did want to expand Sardinian territory.

-Camillo Benso di Cavour: was a republican and an italian patriot.

-Napoleon III: Freanch emperor that wanted to increase French influence.

-Giuseppe Garibaldi: a man devoted to Italian freedom

4. a.  The French Revolution/Congress of Vienna and Revolution of 1848 led to new nationalist movements for unification in italy.

b. Camillo Benso di Cavour and Giuseppi Garibaldi were the important leaders in the fight for Italian unification.

c. The kingdom fo Sardinia took the lead in italian unification because they had a strong army with Garibaldi and was allied with France.

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4.

a. The prussia replaced Austria as the leading German state in Europe by the Danish war and the Seven weeks’ war replace the Austria.

b. German unification had both Prussia and Austria against them while italy had only one state. The German unification resulted into an Empire while Italy didn’t.

c. The government had one Emperor, and one Chief Minister. The Legislative Branch had two houses which were the upper house (Bundesrat) and the lower house (Bundestag).